Saturday, August 18, 2007

Comet Fact Sheet

Comet Fact Sheet


[Image of Halley nucleus]

Information on Selected Comets

The image shown is a view of the nucleus of Comet Halley taken by the Giotto spacecraft. Below is a table of information on selected comets, and at the bottom of the page are comments on the comets.

                         Orbital   Perihelion   Perihelion   Semi-Major     Orbital        Orbital     Absolute
Number & Name Period Date Distance Axis Eccentricity Inclination Magnitude
------------- ------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ------------ ----------- ---------
1P Halley 76.1 yrs. 1986-02-09 0.587 AU 17.94 AU 0.967 162.2 deg. 5.5
2P Encke 3.30 yrs. 2003-12-28 0.340 AU 2.21 AU 0.847 11.8 deg. 9.8
6P d'Arrest 6.51 yrs. 2008-08-01 1.346 AU 3.49 AU 0.614 19.5 deg. 8.5
9P Tempel 1 5.51 yrs. 2005-07-05 1.500 AU 3.12 AU 0.519 10.5 deg. 12.0
19P Borrelly 6.86 yrs. 2001-09-14 1.358 AU 3.61 AU 0.624 30.3 deg. 11.9
21P Giacobini-Zinner 6.52 yrs. 1998-11-21 0.996 AU 3.52 AU 0.706 31.8 deg. 9.0
26P Grigg-Skjellerup 5.09 yrs. 1992-07-22 0.989 AU 2.96 AU 0.664 21.1 deg. 12.5
27P Crommelin 27.89 yrs. 1984-09-01 0.743 AU 9.20 AU 0.919 29.0 deg. 12.0
45P Honda-Mrkos
-Pajdusakova 5.29 yrs. 1995-12-25 0.528 AU 3.02 AU 0.825 4.3 deg. 13.5
46P Wirtanen 5.46 yrs. 2013-10-21 1.063 AU 3.12 AU 0.652 11.7 deg. 9.0
55P Tempel-Tuttle 32.92 yrs. 1998-02-28 0.982 AU 10.33 AU 0.906 162.5 deg. 9.0
67P Churyumov
-Gerasimenko 6.57 yrs. 2002-08-18 1.292 AU 3.51 AU 0.632 7.1 deg.
73P Schwassmann 5.36 yrs. 2006-06-02 0.937 AU 3.06 AU 0.694 11.4 deg. 11.7
-Wachmann 3
75P Kohoutek 6.24 yrs. 1973-12-28 1.571 AU 3.4 AU 0.537 5.4 deg. 12.1
76P West-Kohoutek
-Ikemura 6.46 yrs. 2000-06-01 1.596 AU 3.45 AU 0.540 30.5 deg. 10.6
81P Wild 2 6.39 yrs. 2003-09-25 1.583 AU 3.44 AU 0.540 3.2 deg. 6.5
95P Chiron 50.7 yrs. 1996-02-14 8.46 AU 13.7 AU 0.383 7 deg.
107P Wilson-Harrington 4.29 yrs. 2001-03-26 1.000 AU 2.64 AU 0.623 2.8 deg. 9.0
Hale-Bopp 4000. yrs. 1997-03-31 0.914 AU 250. AU 0.995 89.4 deg. -1.0
Hyakutake ~40000. yrs. 1996-05-01 0.230 AU ~1165. AU 0.9998 124.9 deg.

Halley - Subject of the International Halley Watch (IHW), a coordinated effort of ground-based and spacecraft observations.
Encke - Planned encounter by CONTOUR mission on 12 November 2003. Radar observations made by Arecibo Observatory in 1980 indicated a radius of 0.4 to 4.0 km.
d'Arrest - Planned encounter by CONTOUR mission on 16 August 2008.
Tempel 1 - Planned flyby and projectile impact by the Deep Impact mission on 4 July 2005.
Borrelly - Target of Deep Space 1 spacecraft in 2001.
Giacobini-Zinner - Target of ICE flyby on 11 Sep 1985 within 7800 km.
Grigg-Skjellerup - Target of Giotto flyby (within 200 km) on 10 July 1992.
Crommelin - Subject of 1984 test of the IHW network.
Honda-Mrkos-Pajdusakova - Originally planned target of Sakigake flyby at 10,000 km on 3 Feb 1996.
Wirtanen - Originally scheduled to be visited by the ESA Rosetta mission in 2011. Mission rerouted.
Temple-Tuttle - Originally planned target of Suisei flyby on 28 Feb 1998.
Churyumov-Gerasimenko - Planned target of Rosetta mission in Nov 2014.
Schwassmann-Wachmann 3 - Planned encounter by CONTOUR mission on 18 June 2006. Split into three large pieces in 1995.
Kohoutek - Observed by Skylab astronauts in Dec 1973 and Jan 1974.
West-Kohoutek-Ikemura - Original target of New Millenium Deep Space 1 spacecraft in 2000.
Wild 2 - Target of the Discovery coma sample return mission, Stardust , in Jan 2004.
Wilson-Harrington - At one time a possible target of Deep Space 1 spacecraft in 2001.
Chiron - Comet/asteroid, also known as asteroid 2060 Chiron. Subject of the Chiron Perihelion Campaign
Hale-Bopp - Discovered in July 1995. Bright comet, made closest approach to Earth on 22 March 1997.
Hyakutake - Discovered in January 1996. Bright comet, passed within 0.1 AU of Earth on 25 March 1996.

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/cometfact.html

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